
After supplication at the two holy mosques, performing ’Umra and completing Hajj, I always wished to visit the blessed land. Located between Mecca, the holiest place on the earth and Jerusalem, which houses Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa, Jordan has played a central role in the history of Ahl-ul-Kitab. The Quranic verse “Glorified be he who carried His servant... the neighbourhood whereof we have blessed....” is a direct reference to the blessed land (Jordan). We were fortunate to visit Jordan in July 1997. A Saudi Airline flight took us from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia to Amman, the capital of Jordan and we checked in to the glamorous “Four-Seasons-Hotel”. Next few days we were busy in exploring many historical places and also have a feel of the journey of numerous prophets, both so well referenced in Holy Quran. After due thought, I endeavoured to bring out the miracles and revelations made in Holy Quran about this blessed land in this document.
Jordan in History
Jordan has been a critical land bridge between Africa, Asia and Europe. Its neighbours, the great civilizations of the ancient world, have sought throughout time the control of this territory. The multitude of civilizations in Jordan left distinct marks behind, turning it into an open museum, evidence for the rich heritage that Jordan enjoys today. Just 30 kilometers from Amman, along the 5,000-year-old Kings´ Highway, is one of the most memorable places in Jordan. Madaba is home to the famous 6th century Mosaic Map of Jerusalem and the Holy Land. With two million pieces of vividly colored local stone, it depicts hills and valleys, villages and towns as far as the Nile Delta.
Mount Nebo
A 10-minute drive from Madaba brings you to Mount Nebo, one of the most revered sites in Jordan. From here one can have magnificent view of the Dead Sea, a panorama of mountains, and the crowning heights of Jerusalem are visible in the distance. Prophet Musa (AS) used to sit on the summit of mount Nebo and look over the Jordan River towards Palestine. The Holy Qur’an describes in detail the life and mission of Prophet Moses. In fact, Prophet Moses is the most mentioned prophet in the Holy Qur’an.
Moses Springs
About 1 km east of Mount Nebo, lies the spring of Prophet Moses. The story of Moses springs is elegantly described in Holy Quran at 2 places: al-Baqara, Verse 60 and al-Araf, verse 60. The twelve tribes mentioned in the holy verses belonged one each to twelve children of Prophet Jacob. “And when Moses asked for water for his people, We said: Smite with thy staff the rock. And there gushed out there from twelve springs (so that) each tribe knew their drinking-place....”
Dead Sea
Deep in the Jordan Valley and 55 km southeast of Amman, is the Dead Sea, one of the most spectacular natural and spiritual landscapes in the whole world. It is the lowest body of water on earth, the lowest point on earth, and the world’s richest source of natural salts, hiding wonderful treasures that accumulated throughout thousands of years. Dead Sea is devoid of life due to an extremely high content of salts and minerals which gives its waters the renowned curative powers, therapeutic qualities, and its buoyancy.
Reference of Dead Sea in Holy Quran can be found in following verses of Surah al-Rum: “The Romans have been defeated in the nearer land (in the lowest part of the land), and they, after their defeat will be victorious in a few (less than ten) -... al-Quran Surah al-Room 30:2-4”.
Lot’s Cave.
Prophet Lot’s Cave lies near Dead Sea. Prophet Lot immigrated with his uncle, Abraham from Ur, Iraq. He went to live in the region just south of the Dead Sea. The story of Prophet Lot’s followers is elegantly depicted in Holy Quran, Surah Hud. This nation was involved in many bad deeds and sodomy was rampant and distinctive evil practice. To punish this nation, Allah sent some angels as handsome young men to Sodom and subsequent to this, the region was destroyed, sparing Prophet Lot and his daughters.
Cave of Seven Sleepers
“Cave of seven sleepers” named in Arabic as Kahf al-Raqim is located 10 km from Amman outside the village of al-Raqim. This historical miracle was connected with Islamic history when the Jews of Madina challenged Prophet Muhammad (SAW) to tell them the story of seven sleepers, as this was known only to Christians. To answer this, Allah narrated the story of seven sleepers in Surah Kahf.
The Rose-Red City: Petra
Jordan’s greatest treasure is the unique Nabataean city of Petra. Nabataean refers to an ancient Arab kingdom in Palestine that became the Roman province in AD 106. Entrance to the city is through the Siq, a narrow gorge, over 1 kilometer in length, which is flanked on either side by soaring, 80 metres high cliffs. Just walking through the Siq is an experience in itself. As you reach the end of the Siq you will catch your first glimpse of Al-Khaznah (Treasury). This is an awe-inspiring experience. A massive façade, 30m wide and 43m high, carved out of the sheer, dusky pink, rock-face and dwarfing everything around it. It was carved in the early 1st century as the tomb of an important Nabataean king and represents the engineering genius of these ancient people. Exploring the rest of Petra carved in red rock, you will know why people call it “The Rose-Red City.”
The people of Petra are known to Muslims as the people of al-Hijr. These people are mentioned twice in Qur’an: (i) ...You built palaces on its plains and carved out houses from the mountains. Surah al Araf, 74. (ii) “And the dwellers in al-Hijr indeed denied (Our) messengers.... And they used to hew out dwellings from the hills, (wherein they dwelt) secure. But the (awful) cry overtook them at the morning hour, and that which they were wont to count as gain availed them not. Surah al-Hijr, 79-84”. The people of al-Hijr are used in the Qur’an as a warning to his creations to heed and remember Allah in daily life.
Prophets and Jordan
Prophet Aaron. The white building on top of Jabal Harun, close to valley of Petra is believed to house the tomb of Aaron. Prophet Aaron was brother of Moses. He was a gifted speaker, and would often speak for Moses who suffered from a speech impediment. He was largely responsible with teaching the Israelites the way of worship as it was laid out in the Torah of that time. When Moses was commanded by Allah to go to Phroah, he made a prayer: “Moses said: “O my Lord!.... Aaron, my brother; increase my strength with him, and let him share my task....” Surah Taha, 25-35. Aaron is mentioned by name in the Holy Quran 20 times. It is believed that Aaron lived for 122 years.
Jethro(Prophet Shoayb). Within a modern mosque in Wadi Shu’ayb, city of Salt, lies the shrine of Jethro, the Midianite father-in-law of Prophet Moses and with whom Prophet Moses took refuge after he killed an Egyptian. Allah makes mention in the Holy Quran: “And unto Madian (We sent) their brother, Shoayb. He said: O my people! Serve God!...” Surah al-Araf, 85”.
Prophet Job. South-west of Salt in an area known as Khirbet Ayyoub, foundations of an ancient building mark the final resting place of Job. His legendary patience and faith gave him strength to endure tremendous hardships. Ultimately he was rewarded with blessings, as stated in the Holy Qur’an: “And (remember) Job, when he cried to his Lord.....” Surah al-Ambiya 83-84
Shrines of El-Khedr. In Ajloun is a shrine for El-Khedr as well as in Salt, Mahes, Kerak and Bayt Ras (Irbid). In our society he is recognised and remembered as Khwaja Khezar. He has many shrines in Jordan. Allah revealed a number of miracles through him as a method of educating people on the merits of servitude to Allah. In the Holy Qur’an, his famous story with Moses is cited: “ Then found they one of Our slaves, unto whom We had given mercy from Us, and had taught him knowledge from Our presence. Moses said unto him: May I follow thee, to the end that thou mayst teach me right conduct of that which thou hast been taught? He said: Lo! thou canst not bear with me..... Such is the interpretation of that wherewith thou couldst not bear. Surah Kahf verses 64-82”.
Prophet’s wars and Jordan
Jordan amongst others is a witness to two great wars, namely Battle of Mutah and Battle of Yarmouk. Battle of Mutah. Mutah is the place near Kerak, in southern Jordan where the Muslims fought a famous battle against a combined Byzantine/Ghassanid army during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammed (SAW) in the year 629 CE. Far from being a defeat, this battle was a strategic success; Muslims had challenged the Byzantines and had made their presence felt amongst the Arab Bedouin tribes in the region.
Battle of Yarmouk; In the face of the Muslim expansion, the Byzantine emperor Heraclius gathered a large army, lead by his brother Theodorus, which fought the Muslim army at the Battle of Yarmouk in August 639 AD. The site situates on the banks of the Yarmouk River on the Northern tip of Jordan. The Muslim army was greatly outnumbered but their commander Khalid ibn al-Walid led them to victory. This battle gave to Muslims control of Greater Syria.
PS: There are 3 sites which need special mention as these have been frequently referenced in Holy Quran and could not be visited due to geographical limitations. These are Masjid Al-Aqsa, Median and Jabal Al-Tur.